Specific heat of metals not due to hypothesized valence electrons

Thermic radiation due to trembling solid rods of the crystal lattice; influence of lattice nodes minor. Free valence electrons don’t exist in metals, therefore they cannot be the carriers of temperature oscillation, they cannot be agents of bonding and electrical conduction.

• Heat capacity depends predominantly on crystal structure. • Concerning the crystal structure, heat capacity depends predominantly on lattice spacing. Data show that heat capacity is mainly due to trembling ; heat capacities of lattice bars depend on effective bar lengths. • Lattice bars cannot be thought of as distant forces or virtual bars. • Solid lattice bars consist of hydrogen building blocks. •
• Alleged valence electrons cannot be the agents for bonding and heat capacity.